What is the capital gains tax rate for assets held longer than a year?

The capital gains tax rate for assets held longer than a year is structured to encourage long-term investment, reflecting a preference for investment stability over short-term speculation. Currently, individuals may face a capital gains tax rate of either 0%, 15%, or 20%, depending on their income level.

For those with lower income, the 0% rate can apply, making long-term capital gains tax-friendly. As a taxpayer's income increases, they may be subject to the 15% rate, which covers a vast majority of taxpayers. Finally, those with the highest income brackets may face the maximum capital gains tax rate of 20%.

This tiered approach allows the U.S. tax system to not only promote investment by reducing the penalty on gains accrued from long-term holdings, but also to ensure that those benefiting the most from capital asset appreciation contribute appropriately to federal revenue based on their ability to pay. Other given choices do not accurately reflect the structure of capital gains taxation as per IRS regulations.